Urban Gardens and Civic Life
Read the passage and answer the questions by choosing the best option.
Urban Gardens and Civic Life
For much of the twentieth century, the dominant narrative of city planning treated green space as a luxury — a pleasant but ultimately optional counterpoint to the 'real' work of housing and infrastructure. In the last two decades, however, a quieter revolution has taken root, quite literally, in the form of community gardens cultivated on disused lots, rooftops, and the forgotten margins of industrial districts. What began as a pragmatic response to food insecurity has evolved into something more ambitious: an experiment in small-scale civic life. Residents who might otherwise never exchange a word find themselves negotiating water schedules, composting protocols, and the thorny politics of tomato varieties. Sociologists studying these spaces have noted that the resulting networks of acquaintance, while modest, tend to be unusually durable, in part because they are grounded in shared, physical work rather than in abstract affinity. Critics argue that such gardens, for all their charm, risk becoming symbolic gestures that distract from larger structural reforms. Yet even sceptics concede that the patient, almost unfashionable virtues the gardens cultivate — attentiveness, compromise, a willingness to be inconvenienced — are precisely the civic muscles most often said to have atrophied in contemporary urban life.
1. What shift in urban planning does the passage describe?
2. Which description best matches the origin of community gardens according to the passage?
3. What do sociologists observe about relationships formed in community gardens?
4. How does the passage characterise the critics' argument?
5. The word 'atrophied' in the final sentence most nearly means:
6. The overall tone of the passage can best be described as: